My son/daughter has Schizophrenia! What should I do?

What is Schizophrenia?
What is the treatment?
How long should the treatment continue?
What is the role of the family in treating Schizophrenia?
Can the patient get married?

I answer these questions in this short educative video on Schizophrenia, in three languages:

English: https://youtu.be/3US7KzMth54

Hindi: https://youtu.be/kIVGOX_6zFY

Kannada: https://youtu.be/ewpwJSq9qr4

Resources:

Music: 'Birds in Flight', Dan Lebowitz

Thumbnail picture: https://62e528761d0685343e1c-f3d1b99a743ffa4142d9d7f1978d9686.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com/files/89075/area14mp/image-20150720-12546-bslji2.jpg

Lectures in Psychiatry

Audio recording with slides of my lectures to undergraduate medical students.  Relevant to medical students/interns of any country/university posted in Psychiatry.

 1. Lecture: Introduction to Psychiatry, Classification & Etiology

https://youtu.be/i479pF4-Yek

Includes detailed explanation of the following slides:

• What is Psychiatry?
• Role of psychiatrist
• Psychiatry not to be confused with... (difference between Psychiatry & Psychology)
• Mental health teams (components of multidisciplinary psychiatric teams)
• Branches of Psychiatry
• Definition of mental health
• Consequences of mental illness
• Classification (of psychiatric disorders)
• Systems of classification
• ICD-10 Chapter V
• DSM-5 multiaxial classification
• Differences between ICD-10 & DSM-5
• Etiology (of psychiatric disorders)
• Psychiatric assessment (steps involved)
• Etiological formulation (based on biopsychosocial model)
• Formulation: etiology of bipolar affective disorder (an example)
• Extra slide: Management: investigations + treatment (based on biopsychosocial model)

2. Lecture: Interview techniques, History taking in Psychiatry & Mental State Examination

https://youtu.be/lV308KwLjqU

Includes detailed explanation of the following slides:

• Interview techniques 2/2 (setting the scene, assessment & questioning style)
• History 3/3 (steps of history taking with examples/significance)
• Mental state examination 2/2 (steps of MSE with examples/significance)
• Diagnosis & Formulation (biopsychosocial approach)

3. Lecture: Psychopathology

https://youtu.be/Ch7QSdhXJCc

Includes detailed explanation of the following slides:

• Psychopathology (introduction, pioneers)
• Appearance & behaviour 1/2 (attitude, rapport, tics, tremors, chorea, athetosis, dystonia, stereotypies, mannerisms, compulsive acts)
• Appearance & behaviour 2/2 (mitmachen, mitgehen, gegenhaltan, negativism, ambitendency, catalepsy, echopraxia, stupor)
• Speech (poverty of speech, pressure of speech, perseveration, circumstantiality, tangengiality, echolalia, coprolalia, mutism, dysarthria/dysphonia/dysphasia)
• Affect & mood (labile, flattened, congruous/incongruous affect; euthymic, dysthymic, hyperthymic, cyclothymic, depressed, hypomanic, manic, anxious mood)
• Thoughts (retarded thinking, thought block, perseveration, circumstantiality, desultory thinking, flight of ideas, knight’s move thinking, vorbeireden, verbigeration, neologisms, obsessions/phobias, overvalued ideas/delusions, suicidal ideas)
• Perception (illusions, hallucinations, depersonalisation, derealisation)
• Cognition (consciousness, attention & concentration, disorientation, amnesia, apraxia, agnosia)
• Insight (partial/full/absent)

4. Lecture: Stress, Adjustment disorders & Anxiety disorders

https://youtu.be/JMMzNWsqDiI

Includes detailed explanation of the following slides:

• Stress & adjustment disorders (acute stress reaction, adjustment disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder/PTSD: clinical features, associations)
• Anxiety (normal/abnormal)
• Yerkes-Dodson curve (relationship between arousal & performance)
• General symptoms (physical & psychological symptoms of anxiety)
• Panic disorder (clinical features, associations)
• Generalised anxiety disorder (clinical features, associations)
• Phobias (agoraphobia, social phobia, specific phobias: clinical features, associations)
• OCD/Obsessive-compulsive disorder (nature & examples of obsessions & compulsions; clinical features, associations of OCD)
• Management (biopsychosocial approach)

5. Lecture: Grief & bereavement reactions, Mood disorders, Suicide & parasuicide (DSH)

https://youtu.be/2FI9SUVtKJk

Includes detailed explanation of the following slides:

• Overview of contents
• Grief & bereavement reactions (stages of grief, clinical features & management of abnormal bereavement reaction)
• Depression: core features
• Depression: biological/somatic symptoms
• Depression: psychological/cognitive symptoms
• Depression: psychotic symptoms
• Mania: core features
• Mania: biological/somatic symptoms
• Mania: psychological/cognitive symptoms
• Mania: psychotic symptoms
• Psychopathological differences: mania & schizophrenia (table)
• Clinical distinction between hypomania & mania (flowchart)
• Mood disorder diagnostic algorithm (flowchart)
• Bipolar affective disorder (types 1 & 2, mixed affective state)
• Management (biopsychosocial approach for depression/mania/BPAD)
• Suicide & parasuicide/DSH (suicide/DSH risk assessment & management)

 6. Lecture: Schizophrenia and other psychoses

https://youtu.be/1IQNszTTlLQ

Includes detailed explanation of the following slides:

A) Schizophrenia:

•      History
•      Epidemiology
•      Etiology (genetic, neurochemical & neuropathological theories)
•      Clinical features
•      Classification
•      Diagnosis (first rank symptoms, ICD 10 & DSM 5)
•      Management

B) Other psychotic disorders

C) Extra slides: MCQ with answers

References/resources:

An Atlas of Schizophrenia, Stefan M., Travis M. & Murray R.M., The Parthenon Publishing Group, London, 2002

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/Van_Gogh_Self_Portrait_with_Straw_Hat_1887-Detroit.jpg

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/John_Forbes_Nash%2C_Jr._by_Peter_Badge.jpg

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Emil_Kraepelin_1926.jpg/220px-Emil_Kraepelin_1926.jpg

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Eugen_bleuler.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitary_psychosis#/media/File:Griesinger.jpg

https://images.app.goo.gl/D1AaGLjCRtkSgvbS8

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ru/thumb/f/f3/Kurt_Schneider.jpg/230px-Kurt_Schneider.jpg

 7. Lecture: Psychosexual disorders & Paraphilias

https://youtu.be/RX9JVCfPZEk

Includes detailed explanation of the following slides:

• Normal sexual stages
• Sexual stage disorders
• Paraphilias 1/2: voyeurism, exhibitionism, frotteurism, fetishism, transvestism, masochism, sadism
• Paraphilias 2/2: pedophilia, gender dysphoria
• (With additional explanation about masturbation & homosexuality)

 8. Lecture: Disorders of Sleep

https://youtu.be/NGWGW6f0Jh0

Includes detailed explanation of the following slides: 1. Disorders of sleep (insomnia & hypersomnia) 2. Stages of sleep 3. Circadian rhythm disorders 4. Parasomnias 5. Management of sleep disorders (including sleep hygiene)

References/resources:

https://sleepdisorders.sleepfoundation.org/chapter-1-normal-sleep/stages-of-human-sleep/ 

http://facweb.furman.edu/~einstein/general/sleepdemo/sleep.htm

9. Lecture: Psychopharmacology, ECT & Psychotherapies

https://youtu.be/V9WgHE5cb4k

Includes detailed explanation of the following slides:

1. Psychopharmacology (10 slides):

• biopsychosocial management 
• pharmacokinetics & pharmacodynamics, 
• main groups of drug with examples, 
• indications, 
• treatment outcome, 
• general & specific adverse effects, 
• usage in special patient groups

2. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

3. Psychotherapies (5 slides):

• general attributes & counselling skills,
• supportive psychotherapy,
• behavioural therapy & cognitive-behaviour therapy (CBT),
• psychodynamic psychotherapy & other types of therapy

References/resources:

• Fundamentals of Clinical Psychopharmacology, Anderson I.M. & Reid I.C., 2nd Edition (2004), British Association of Psychopharmacology, Taylor & Frances (UK)
• The Maudsley Prescribing Guildelines, Taylor D., Paton C. & Kerwin R., 9th Edition (2007), The South London And Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Informa Healthcare (UK)
• Shorter Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry, Gelder M., Mayour R. & Cowen P., 4th Edition (2001) Oxford University Press (UK)
• https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/MECTA_spECTrum_ECT.jpg/1200px-MECTA_spECTrum_ECT.jpg
• https://www.dovepress.com/cr_data/article_fulltext/s160000/160093/img/NDT-160093-F01.jpg

10. Lecture: Psychiatry Summary Slides

Comprehensive overview of major topics in Psychiatry for Medical Undergraduate Students, as per DSM-5.  

https://youtu.be/_mtrKYymVHg

Includes the following:

• Psychological theories
• Biopsychosocial model of etiology
• Assessments & classification
• Biopsychosocial model of management
• Stress & anxiety disorders
• Mood disorders & suicide
• Somatic & dissociative disorders
• Psychotic disorders
• Personality disorders
• Substance use disorders
• Sleep-wake disorders
• Psychosexual disorders
• Neurodevelopmental & impulse control disorders
• Eating disorders
• Neurocognitive disorders

The Covid-19 pandemic - Observations and Lessons to be learnt

The Coronavirus pandemic of 2020 has left us stupefied and unable to cope with the havoc wreaked upon our ostensibly modern societies. 

Here in India, what were the changes that occurred in our society during the unprecedented lockdown period?  

How did we cope with the sudden confinement that was impinged upon us by extraneous circumstances?

More importantly, what are the lessons we need to learn going forward from this wake-up call?  

What changes do we need to bring about in ourselves, our communities, and the world as a whole, if we are to prevent the impact of any similar future catastrophe and thrive as one humanity?

https://youtu.be/VmqTaWFwXIs

I attempt to answer these questions in this video, made using all the news clippings, forwarded messages and videos, that I received and came across during the Covid-19 pandemic. 

The predominant colours in the video are yellow – which indicates infectious diseases, and red – which indicates danger/emergency.

I wish to thank all writers/creators of messages and videos whose work I have used in the making of this video.  

Resources:

News clippings: From the daily, Deccan Herald (www.deccanherald.com)
Music: Breathing Planet by Doug Maxwell, YouTube

Links to resources:
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Maslow's_hierarchy_of_needs.png/1280px-Maslow's_hierarchy_of_needs.png
https://mpower360.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/final_logo_1.jpg
https://images.pexels.com/photos/362689/pexels-photo-362689.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&h=750&w=1260
https://farm4.static.flickr.com/3202/5862187567_1b3ae784c1.jpg
http://m.cdn.blog.hu/pe/pekingikacsa/image/Crowd-India-C-588.jpg
https://c1.staticflickr.com/5/4017/4351008070_7c04884bc6.jpg
https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7246/7518336132_2a0db0cccf_z.jpg
https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3655/3582266087_44b8bc85ea_z.jpg
https://c.pxhere.com/photos/a5/95/tea_plantation_landscape_scenic_greenery_agriculture_india_crop_fields-1390278.jpg!d
https://c1.staticflickr.com/3/2295/2205184489_a665982731_b.jpg
https://live.staticflickr.com/4093/4894253589_b32b94282a_b.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/WhatsApp_logo-color-vertical.svg/1200px-WhatsApp_logo-color-vertical.svg.png
http://fragmentsofevolution.org/wp-content/uploads/yoga_140156971.jpg
https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2018/04/21/15/21/meditation-3338691_960_720.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Pet_parrots_in_Cuba.jpg/150px-Pet_parrots_in_Cuba.jpg
http://whatchareading.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Netflix_Logo_Digital-Video.png
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Prime_logo.png
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/c4/The_office_poster.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/5a/Zee5-official-logo.jpeg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Chandigarh_(North_India)_(399407625).jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/ab/Indian_Premier_League_Logo.png
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/LH_95.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Earth_Eastern_Hemisphere.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/2019-nCoV-CDC-23312.png/1200px-2019-nCoV-CDC-23312.png
http://blog.vitaminhaat.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/coronavirus_1.jpg
http://omgnews.today/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/2018-07-10T065319Z_1_LYNXMPEE690FX_RTROPTP_4_WHATSAPP-INDIA-FAKENEWS-1024x683.jpg
https://c1.staticflickr.com/3/2295/2205184489_a665982731_b.jpg
https://live.staticflickr.com/4093/4894253589_b32b94282a_b.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Biohazard_symbol_%28black_and_yellow%29.png
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/WhatsApp_logo-color-vertical.svg/1200px-WhatsApp_logo-color-vertical.svg.png
http://fragmentsofevolution.org/wp-content/uploads/yoga_140156971.jpg
https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2018/04/21/15/21/meditation-3338691_960_720.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wireless-icon.png
https://www.flickr.com/photos/wileyb-j/7518336132/

News websites:
https://www.news18.com/news/buzz/social-media-becoming-primary-source-of-fake-news-on-coronavirus-study-2594307.html
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/ibrahim-ali-khan-bonds-with-sister-sara-and-mum-amrita-singh-over-household-chores-amid-lockdown/articleshow/75325090.cms
https://www.gqindia.com/entertainment/content/indian-royals-self-isolating-multi-crore-palaces
https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/malaika-arora-shares-a-sun-kissed-selfie-pens-a-note-of-gratitude-amid-lock-down/
https://www.gqindia.com/binge-watch/collection/7-best-movies-on-netflix-amazon-prime-video-and-disney-hotstar-that-earned-rs-100-crore/
https://www.afternoonvoice.com/lamb-meat-gone-overpriced-amid-covid-19.html
https://www.livemint.com/news/india/covid-19-patients-will-be-cremated-irrespective-of-their-religion-bmc-chief-11585577157692.html
https://www.businesstoday.in/latest/trends/it-is-very-easy-trump-after-namaste-exchange-with-irish-pm-amid-coronavirus-outbreak/story/398138.html
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-8153619/Infectious-disease-specialists-warn-COVID-19-survive-soles-shoes-five-days.html
https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/news/story/covid-19-lockdown-west-bengal-schools-and-colleges-to-remain-closed-till-june-10-1668965-2020-04-20
https://www.livemint.com/news/india/-covid-19-an-opportunity-to-create-lasting-memories-for-children-11585630001656.html
https://www.financialexpress.com/industry/covid-19-impact-more-staff-in-services-sector-companies-to-work-from-home-in-future-as-well/1940050/
https://www.livemint.com/news/india/online-weddings-in-vogue-as-lockdown-leaves-no-space-for-lavish-indian-nuptials-11587705957823.html
https://www.indiatvnews.com/lifestyle/news-10-days-10-games-indoor-game-ideas-to-play-with-your-kids-at-home-602362
https://www.citywatchla.com/index.php/cw/los-angeles/19519-overpopulation-global-warming-covid-19-modern-plague
https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/short-reads/article/3080360/why-covid-19-human-overpopulation-problem
https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/covid-19-pandemic-ab-de-villiers-virat-kohli-auction-cricket-gear-from-ipl-2016-match-vs-gujarat-lions-1671635-2020-04-27
https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/news/kiara-advani-recounts-her-fan-moment-salman-khan-i-was-smitten-first-time-i-saw-him-527990
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-52198588
https://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi-news/residents-rethink-daily-menu-as-meat-shortage-hits-hard/story-IDyEzwVx0wXLusleR82rWL.html
https://indianexpress.com/article/trending/trending-globally/namaste-is-the-new-hello-prince-charles-goes-desi-opts-for-namaste-to-greet-people-6310765/
https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/04/07/828317535/coronavirus-is-changing-the-rituals-of-death-for-many-religions
https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/news/story/7-activities-to-keep-your-kids-busy-during-covid-19-lockdown-1664334-2020-04-07
https://news.abplive.com/news/india/covid-19-coronavirus-weddings-during-lockdown-lockdown-does-not-stop-these-couples-from-getting-married-1200043
https://www.cntraveller.in/story/surviving-coronavirus-lockdown-practical-tips-covid-19-indian-wellness-retreats-mumbai-maharashtra-bengaluru-karnataka-uttarakhand/
https://www.thehitavada.com/Encyc/2020/4/27/Practice-Yoga-at-home-to-beat-COVID-19-virus.html
https://www.templepurohit.com/mantras-slokas-stotras/shanti-mantra/om-purnamadah-purnamidam/
https://greenmesg.org/stotras/vedas/om_purnamadah_purnamidam.php